Briefly describe high-performance work systems.

Answers will vary. High-performance work systems (HPWS)are a group of separate but integrated human resource (HR)practices that aim to increase employee efficiency and organizational productivity. The HR practices in HPWS include selection, training, performance appraisal, and compensation. HPWS have effects on organizational design and structure through the alignment of HR functions with the firm's strategic goals to boost organizational performance. This is a process of dynamic fit. One of the key questions concerns whether there is a causal connection between HPWS and organizational performance. Research shows that past HPWS positively contributes to later productivity, but there is evidence that the reverse is also true. That is, organizational productivity has effects on HPWS, making the relationship a reciprocal one, suggesting that HR practices and performance both shape the organization over time. Please see the section "Forces Reshaping Organizations" for more information.