Criminal Justice Expert Q&A

Melissa Harper manages an apartment complex in Toronto.She has three empty units that are available for rent.However, when prospective tenants of Hispanic descent inquire about renting in the complex, Ms.Harper tells them there are no vacancies.How would you define this unfair treatment?

A) discrimination
B) stereotyping
C) prejudice
D) segregation

You attend a wedding with a buffet dinner for guests.You are invited to serve yourself from a large variety of food dishes designed to meet a wide range of tastes, nutritional needs, and dietary requirements.The buffet style allows guests to choose their own portion sizes.What concept is the design and distribution of your dinner reflecting?

A) equality
B) inclusion
C) tokenism
D) equity

Muhammad is a first-generation Canadian; his parents immigrated to Canada from Iran before he was born.Muhammad's parents paid for all his schooling and he has just graduated from law school.Which social class is Muhammad likely to belong to?

A) lower class
B) working class
C) lower-working class
D) upper-middle class

A company manages a mixed-income residential building in which more than 50% of the tenants are designated as rent-stabilized.The company announced last week that access to the building's new fitness centre would be limited to market-rate tenants only.What type of discrimination is the segregation of lower-income tenants an example of?

A) racism
B) sexism
C) classism
D) ageism

According to a 2016 UNICEF report comparing overall child poverty rates in 35 industrialized countries, how does Canada rank when it comes to providing for the well-being of its children?

A) 1st
B) 5th
C) 26th
D) 30th

Sarah is a woman who has experienced oppression and who has been marginalized in the community where she lives.It is hard for Sarah to know if this oppression is a result of her race, gender, religion, sexual orientation, or physical abilities.She believes it is likely a combination of all of these.What is this complexity of identity called?

A) fluidity
B) salience
C) homogeneity
D) intersectionality

You are a health-care planner working with a community affected by poverty.Your responsibility is to plan services and programs to ensure that members of the community have what they need to achieve and maintain health and well-being.Research evidence has told you that people who live in poverty are frequently less healthy than those with greater income.As a result, you develop additional services and programs, rather than just the standard ones, to offset the impact of substandard housing, limited access to fresh, nutritious foods, and exposure to unsafe environments.What concept does your approach use?

A) equality
B) inclusion
C) tokenism
D) equity

Scott Thomas was being reviewed for a promotion at his sales agency.His manager told him "off the record" that the committee was hesitant to promote him because he had experienced depression the year before and they worried he might not be able to handle the stress of the new position.Which form of discrimination is this?

A) sexism
B) heterosexism
C) racism
D) ableism

Every day at school Lu experiences fellow students making comments towards her about her appearance.They call her a boy, lesbian, and dyke.Some say "I am only joking," but it doesn't make it hurt any less.What is Lu experiencing?

A) person-specific bullying
B) cyberbullying
C) biased-based bullying
D) homogeneity

Human rights legislation requires employers and service providers to accommodate peoples' needs when those needs relate to one or more grounds of discrimination.What is this requirement called?

A) duty to accommodate
B) grounds of discrimination
C) undue hardship
D) cultural imperialism

What is the definition of culture?

A) the customs and traditions that are unique to a particular ethnic group
B) everything in our social environment that we learn through socialization
C) the race, ethnicity, and language of a particular group
D) similarities and differences across human groups

Your Aunt Muriel believes that all people from Canada live in igloos and ice fish on a regular basis.What term do sociologists use to describe these overgeneralizations?

A) ethnicity
B) discrimination
C) racism
D) stereotype

Sabrina has recently become homeless. She panhandles on the street but rarely makes enough money to eat each day.What type of poverty is Sabrina experiencing?

A) relative poverty
B) absolute poverty
C) transitional poverty
D) intergenerational poverty

An HR committee is discussing the merits of two candidates for a position with their company.The interviewees have an equal level of education, but one is 25 with limited experience in the field and the other is 55 with vast experience in the field.The committee decides to offer the position to the younger candidate because they believe he will stay in the position for a longer period of time due to his age.What is this reasoning an example of?

A) ableism
B) sexism
C) ageism
D) heterosexism

Residential schools were schools designed to impose Euro-Canadian culture and religion on Indigenous children.Which face of oppression did these schools embody?

A) marginalization
B) exploitation
C) structural discrimination
D) cultural imperialism

When a large corporation employs workers in a foreign country, it asks the employees to work long hours, in unsafe working conditions, for minimal pay.Which face of oppression is characterized by this situation?

A) marginalization
B) exploitation
C) powerlessness
D) cultural imperialism

Company XYZ is made up of 40 senior and mid-level executives who are all men, and 45 administrative assistants who are all women.The president of the company, to show he is all about equal opportunity, agrees to hire a woman executive.What is this hiring practice an example of?

A) equality
B) inclusion
C) tokenism
D) equity

The house next door to the Hennigar family is for sale.Mr.Hennigar tells his wife that he hopes the house is not sold to any French people because he does not like French people.Which term best characterizes Mr.Hennigar's belief?

A) classism
B) prejudice
C) stereotyping
D) discrimination

Which term refers to a social justice model that is concerned with fair allocation of resources between different groups within a society?

A) tokenism
B) distributive and redistributive justice
C) marginalization
D) institutionalized justice

If you live in Canada and are a white, heterosexual male who practises Christianity and speaks English, what are you considered to be, according to these aspects of your social identity?

A) a marginalized member of society
B) a member of the dominant group
C) a member of a historically underserved population
D) a member of the non-dominant group