Which of the following is a volume efficiency measure?

A) benefit cost per employee covered
B) ratio of benefits expense to total operating expense
C) ratio of filled positions to authorized positions
D) cost per trainee per program

The ratio of filled positions to authorized positions is a measure of how efficiently an organization is using its staff resources in terms of volume. It indicates how well an organization is utilizing its authorized positions to fill them with actual staff members. Benefit cost per employee covered, ratio of benefits expense to total operating expense, and cost per trainee per program are not measures of volume efficiency.