When animals learn something in one location, they often forget it when tested in another due to

A) encoding specificity.
B) the von Restorff effect.
C) episodic memory.
D) residual amnesia.

Encoding specificity is the principle that memory recall is best when the context and cues at the time of recall match those present at the time of encoding. Animals may struggle to apply their learned behavior in a different location as the contextual cues are different, leading to a failure of memory recall. The von Restorff effect is the phenomenon where unique stimuli are better remembered than common stimuli, and is not applicable in this scenario. Episodic memory is a form of long-term memory relating to specific events, and residual amnesia is not a technical term used in the research of animal learning and memory.