_____ is the willingness of an individual to make decisions when all that needs to be known cannot be known and when the ethical issue has no established, unambiguous solution.

A) Tough-mindedness
B) Organizational citizenship behavior
C) Cognitive dissonance
D) Counterproductive work behavior

Tough-Mindedness

A psychological trait characterized by critical and rigorous evaluation of facts before making decisions.

Cognitive Dissonance

The psychological discomfort experienced when holding two or more contradictory beliefs, values, or ideas simultaneously, often leading to a change in beliefs or behaviors.

Counterproductive Work Behavior

entails actions by employees that harm the interests and functioning of an organization, including theft, sabotage, and workplace aggression.