Which of the following aspects to racism involves policies and practices of institutions operate to produce systematic and continuing differences between racial groups?

A) Personal prejudice
B) Ideological racism
C) Institutional racism
D) Practical racism

Institutional racism involves policies and practices of institutions that operate to produce systematic and continuing differences between racial groups. This can include discrimination in housing, education, employment, and criminal justice, among other areas. Personal prejudice (A) refers to an individual's biased attitudes or beliefs about a particular racial group. Ideological racism (B) refers to the belief in the superiority of one race over another, which can manifest in individual attitudes or in political or social systems. Practical racism (D) is a term that is not commonly used in discussions of racism, and its meaning is not well-established.