When people try to confront Alfred about drinking too much alcohol, he replies, "Drinking may be harmful to my health, but I'll die having a good time." This statement made by Alan illustrates his attempt to reduce

A) stereotype threat.
B) cognitive dissonance.
C) the self-serving bias.
D) the fundamental attribution error.

Alfred's statement suggests that he is aware of the potential harm caused by drinking, creating cognitive dissonance - the discomfort experienced when holding two inconsistent beliefs (in this case, knowing that drinking is harmful but still engaging in it). To reduce this discomfort, Alfred justifies his behavior by valuing the immediate pleasure and fun gained from drinking over his long-term health. This is an example of cognitive dissonance reduction.