What leads Brym and Lie to conclude that social movements are long-term attempts to correct perceived injustice that require a sound social-organizational basis?

Brym and Lie are sociologists who have studied social movements and their dynamics. In their analysis, they conclude that social movements are long-term attempts to correct perceived injustice that require a sound social-organizational basis due to several key factors:

1. **Perceived Injustice**: Social movements often arise when a segment of the population feels that there is a significant discrepancy between the current state of affairs and their sense of fairness or justice. This perception of injustice provides the moral impetus for collective action.

2. **Long-Term Focus**: Unlike brief protests or spontaneous uprisings, social movements are characterized by sustained efforts over a longer period. This is because the process of addressing systemic issues or deeply entrenched injustices typically requires persistent advocacy and action.

3. **Organizational Structure**: To maintain momentum and coordinate efforts over time, social movements need a level of organization. This includes leadership, communication networks, and strategies for mobilizing resources and supporters. A sound social-organizational basis helps to ensure that the movement can adapt to challenges and seize opportunities as they arise.

4. **Collective Identity**: Social movements are more effective when participants share a collective identity. This sense of belonging and common purpose is often fostered and maintained through the movement's organizational structures and activities.

5. **Strategic Planning**: Successful social movements typically involve strategic planning to identify goals, tactics, and targets. This strategic approach is facilitated by a sound organizational foundation that can analyze the social and political landscape and adjust plans accordingly.

6. **Resource Mobilization**: Social movements require resources such as money, volunteers, and expertise. A well-organized movement is better equipped to mobilize and manage these resources effectively.

7. **Resilience and Adaptability**: Social movements face opposition, legal challenges, and changing public opinions. A sound organizational basis provides the resilience needed to withstand setbacks and the adaptability to evolve in response to new circumstances.

8. **Legitimacy and Influence**: To effect change, social movements must be taken seriously by those in power and by the broader public. Organizational strength contributes to the movement's legitimacy and its ability to influence policy and public opinion.

In summary, Brym and Lie's conclusion is based on the understanding that social movements are complex phenomena that require more than just passion and initial outrage to succeed. They need a robust organizational framework to channel collective energy into effective, sustained action capable of addressing the root causes of perceived injustices.