What are the three phases in Lewin's planned change process? Give examples of what change leaders can do to accomplish each phase successfully. How do the phases of Lewin's planned change process relate to the stages in the general model of organization development?

Kurt Lewin's three phases of the planned change process are unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. Unfreezing is the change phase in which a situation is prepared for change and felt needs for change are developed. During the unfreezing phase, change leaders can establish good relationships with the people involved, help others realize that present behaviours are not effective, and minimize expressed resistance to change. Changing is the phase in which something new takes place in the system, and change is actually implemented. During the changing phase, change leaders can identify new, more effective ways of behaving; choose appropriate changes in tasks, people, culture, technology, and/or structure; and take action to put these changes into place. Refreezing is the phase of stabilizing the change and creating the conditions for its long-term continuity. During the refreezing phase, change leaders can create acceptance and continuity for the new behaviours, provide any necessary resource support, and use performance-contingent rewards and positive reinforcement.
Lewin's three-phase process of planned change relates to the second, third, and fourth stages of the general model of organization development, which is described below:
Stage 1: establish a working relationship-create links with members of the client system.
Stage 2: diagnosis-gathering and analyzing data, and setting appropriate change objectives. This relates to Lewin's unfreezing stage.
Stage 3: intervention-taking collaborative action to implement desired changes. This relates to Lewin's changing stage.
Stage 4: evaluation-following up to reinforce and support change. This relates to Lewin's refreezing stage.
Stage 5: achieve a terminal relationship-withdraw to leave members of the client system as self-reliant.