Under which of the following doctrines may a court impose liability on a corporate officer for actions of employees under the officer's supervision, regardless of whether he or she participated in, directed, or even knew about those actions?

A) Corporate criminal doctrine
B) Criminal vicarious liability doctrine
C) Responsible corporate officer doctrine
D) Corporation liability doctrine

Responsible Corporate Officer Doctrine

A common law doctrine under which the court may impose criminal liability on a corporate officer for actions of employees under her or his supervision regardless of whether she or he participated in, directed, or even knew about those actions.

Criminal Vicarious Liability Doctrine

A legal principle holding one person or entity responsible for the criminal actions of another, typically in an employer-employee relationship.

Corporate Criminal Doctrine

A legal theory that attributes criminal liability to corporations and their executives for acts that are illegal under the law, acknowledging that entities can be responsible for criminal behavior.