The theory stating that behaviors are motivated by an organism's attempts to reduce tension from conditions such as hunger or thirst and return the body to a state of balance is called __________ theory.

A) drive-reduction
B) homeostatic
C) needs
D) disequilibrium

The definition given in the question perfectly matches the description of drive-reduction theory, which postulates that we are motivated to reduce physiological imbalances or drives (e.g., hunger, thirst) in order to maintain an optimal state of homeostasis. Choice B (homeostatic) also seems plausible, but it is a more general concept that refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment, including temperature, pH, and other variables, whereas drive-reduction theory specifically focuses on the role of drives in behavior. Choices C (needs) and D (disequilibrium) are not relevant to this particular theory.