The idea that a behavior will increase or decrease based on the consequences that follow that behavior is crucial to ________.

A) operant conditioning
B) insight learning
C) vicarious learning
D) classical conditioning

The concept of consequences influencing behavior is at the core of operant conditioning. This theory proposes that behavior is shaped by receiving positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, or extinction based on the consequences of the behavior. Insight learning involves sudden realization of a solution to a problem without trial and error learning. Vicarious learning refers to learning through observation of others' behavior and its consequences. Classical conditioning involves pairing a previously neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to produce a conditioned response.