Summarize two types of manipulative practices, including their characteristics and prevalence of use in the USA.
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A.Manipulative practices are oriented to treating disease conditions or relieving symptoms.
B.Chiropractic treatment focuses on adjusting the spine and joints to realign them.
1. Daniel David Palmer, who founded chiropractic in 1895, believed spinal manipulation could both cure and prevent illness.
2. Chiropractic adjustments involve using the hands or machines to apply pressure.
3. Chiropractors may also use heat, ice, and electrical stimulation in treatment.
4. Chiropractors may also prescribe exercise, diet changes, or dietary supplements.
5. Chiropractic training requires four more years of study beyond college, board examinations, and licensure.
6. The AMA attacked chiropractic throughout the mid-20th century, but chiropractic prevailed.
7. Chiropractic is becoming integrated into conventional medicine.
a. Sports medicine
b. Available through the U.S. Departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs
c. Many health insurance plans cover chiropractic services
C. Massage focuses on manipulating the soft tissues for health benefits.
1. Once considered a luxury, massage has become recognized as therapeutic for physical therapy and rehabilitation, and today also for managing pain, anxiety, and stress.
2. Massage was a therapeutic approach in ancient times and many cultures.
3. Swedish massage was developed in the 19th century by Johan Mezger.
4. Traditional Chinese medicine includes manipulative techniques:
a. Acupressure for unblocking qi flow
b. Tui na, also for freeing qi flow
5. Shiatsu is a Japanese form of massage similar to acupressure.
6. Ayurvedic massage manipulates specific points on the body to channel the body's healing energy, often using medicinal oils.
D. Many of the different types of massage share an underlying premise that the manipulation helps the body to heal itself.
E. Chiropractic treatment is among the best accepted and most widely used CAM.
F.Massage has been used by fewer than 8% of people in the U.S., and other CAM approaches are even less common.