Organizational behavior research indicates that transformational leaders produce _____ followers, whereas charismatic leaders produce ______ followers.

A) unskilled, skilled
B) directive, participative
C) empowered, dependent
D) real, fictitious
E) servant, command-and-control

Organizational behavior research suggests that transformational leaders empower their followers by developing their skills, confidence, and motivation. On the other hand, charismatic leaders inspire their followers through their charisma and personal charm, creating a sense of dependency on the leader. Therefore, transformational leaders produce empowered followers, while charismatic leaders produce dependent followers.