Occupational licensing has much the same effect as:

A) inclusive unionism.
B) exclusive unionism.
C) bilateral monopoly.
D) monopsony.

Occupational Licensing

The laws of state or local governments that require that a worker satisfy certain specified requirements and obtain a license from a licensing board before engaging in a particular occupation.

Exclusive Unionism

The policy, pursued by many craft unions, in which a union first gets employers to agree to hire only union workers and then excludes many workers from joining the union so as to restrict the supply of labor and drive up wages. Compare with inclusive unionism. The policies typically employed by a craft union.