Nathan is 37 years old. He smokes and drinks excessively and is constantly putting his hand to his mouth. What might Freud have said about Nathan?

A) Nathan had an excessive amount of psychic energy fixated during the resolution of his Oedipus complex.
B) Nathan had some traumatic experiences that led to an oral personality.
C) Nathan has a weak superego.
D) Nathan has not yet resolved his Oedipus complex.

Freud believed that during the oral stage of psychosexual development, children could become fixated on oral pleasures such as sucking, biting, and chewing. If a child experienced trauma or frustration during this stage, it could result in an oral personality in adulthood, characterized by excessive smoking, drinking, and other oral behaviors. Therefore, Freud might suggest that Nathan's oral fixation and behaviors stem from a traumatic experience during his oral stage of development.