Melinda always signs up for the most difficult biology courses during her college years.She has a great deal of confidence in her ability to meet the challenges of these courses.Melinda is demonstrating

A) self-efficacy.
B) reciprocal determinism.
C) the spotlight effect.
D) self-esteem.

Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in their ability to achieve a particular goal or handle a specific task. Melinda's willingness to sign up for challenging biology courses shows that she has confidence in her ability to meet the challenges posed by those courses, therefore demonstrating self-efficacy. The other choices, reciprocal determinism, the spotlight effect, and self-esteem, do not accurately match the situation described in the question.