Jeremy Bentham and Cesare Beccaria supported the ______ theory of punishment.

A) rehabilitation
B) incapacitation
C) just deserts
D) deterrence

Jeremy Bentham and Cesare Beccaria both supported the idea of deterrence as the primary purpose of punishment. They believed that the threat of punishment would prevent people from committing crimes, and that the severity of punishment should be proportional to the seriousness of the offense. They did not support rehabilitation or just deserts theories, which focus on reforming the offender or ensuring that they receive a punishment that fits the crime. Incapacitation, which involves removing the offender from society to prevent them from committing more crimes, was not a major focus of their work.