__________ is defined as a simple form of learning in which an organism learns to engage in certain behavior because of the effects of that behavior.

A) Respondent conditioning
B) Operant conditioning
C) Classical conditioning
D) Pavlovian conditioning

Operant Conditioning

A method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior, whereby an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior.

Respondent Conditioning

A learning process in which a biological response is paired with a previously neutral stimulus through conditioning, also known as classical conditioning or Pavlovian conditioning.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus, famously illustrated by Pavlov's dogs experiment.