In the context of classical conditioning, the term __________ is defined as a simple unlearned response to a stimulus.

A) recovery
B) extinction
C) reflex
D) desensitization

A reflex is an automatic, innate response to a stimulus, without any prior learning or conditioning. This response is typically simple and predictable, and often involves a specific body movement or physiological reaction. Classic examples of reflexes include blinking in response to a sudden bright light or loud noise, salivating at the sight or smell of food, or withdrawing your hand from a hot surface. Classical conditioning involves pairing a neutral stimulus (such as a tone) with a meaningful stimulus (such as food) in order to evoke a learned response. Therefore, extinction (B) and desensitization (D) refer to the weakening or elimination of a previously conditioned response, whereas recovery (A) refers to the reappearance of a previously extinguished response.