In contrast to the U.S. and business unionism philosophy, Canadian unions are moving toward a(n) ____________________ unionism philosophy.

A) industrial
B) critical industrial
C) social
D) business

Canadian unions are increasingly adopting a social unionism philosophy, which emphasizes social justice and broader societal goals beyond just improving wages and benefits for members. This approach involves collaboration with other social movements and advocating for policies that benefit all workers, not just unionized ones. It is a departure from the business unionism philosophy found in the U.S. that focuses primarily on collective bargaining and narrow economic interests.