Asked by Madiha Iqbal on Jun 27, 2024
Verified
In an experiment, a dog undergoes 20 trials in which he hears a tone and gets meat powder in various combinations. On 18 of the trials, he gets a tone and meat powder; on one trial, he gets a tone and no meat powder; and on one trial, he gets meat powder and no tone. What is true of this situation?
A) There is a contingency between the sound of tone and meat powder.
B) There is a contingency between the CS and the UR.
C) There is a negative contingency.
D) There is no contingency.
Contingency
The possibility that an event may occur, dependent on the fulfillment of certain conditions or the occurrence of another event.
Meat Powder
A powdered form of meat used primarily as a dietary supplement or in food processing.
Negative Contingency
A relationship where the occurrence of one behavior decreases the likelihood of another event or behavior.
- Illustrate the significance of spatial and temporal closeness, the relationship between stimuli, and the count of CS-US pairings in the process of classical conditioning.
Verified Answer
AE
Alimaa ErdenebaatarJun 30, 2024
Final Answer :
A
Explanation :
The fact that the dog receives meat powder on most of the trials where he hears the tone suggests that there is a contingency between the two stimuli. In other words, the sound of the tone is associated with the delivery of meat powder, which is likely to lead to the development of a conditioned response in the dog. The fact that there are some trials where only one stimulus is presented (i.e., the tone or the meat powder) does not necessarily negate this contingency.
Learning Objectives
- Illustrate the significance of spatial and temporal closeness, the relationship between stimuli, and the count of CS-US pairings in the process of classical conditioning.