In a study conducted in Mauritius, young men who participated in Kavadi, a painful religious ritual requiring piercing the skin with needles, dragging a cart attached by hooks to the skin, and climbing a mountain barefoot, ____.

A) reduced their identification with the larger social group
B) increased their prosocial behavior
C) increased their outgroup bias
D) made less effort when the group was larger

Kavadi

A physical burden used as a devotional sacrifice by followers of Hinduism during the festival of Thaipusam.

Prosocial Behavior

Voluntary actions intended to benefit or help others, such as sharing, comforting, rescuing, and cooperating, demonstrating altruism and empathy.

Outgroup Bias

A tendency to harbor more negative attitudes, stereotypes, or behaviors towards individuals who are not perceived as part of one's own group.