Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is most likely to be maintained ____.

A) when sexual selection occurs
B) when mutations occur
C) in small populations
D) when there is no gene flow among different populations
E) when mating is controlled

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is most likely to be maintained when there is no gene flow among different populations. This means that there is no exchange of genes between populations, which can alter the allele frequencies and disrupt the equilibrium. In addition, mating must be random and not subject to any kind of selection, mutations, or other factors that can introduce new alleles or change their frequencies. Small populations are more prone to genetic drift and may deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium over time. Therefore, choice A, B, and C are incorrect. While mating control can help maintain Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, it is not a guaranteed way to do so, as there may be other factors at play.