Explain what is meant by peer-assisted learning,and describe two approaches of such learning.

Peer-assisted learning (PAL)is a general term that encompasses a broad variety of strategies where students acquire knowledge and skills through interactions with other students.These interactions may occur on a one-on-one basis,as in peer tutoring or in a small-group format,as in cooperative or collaborative learning.Even within these two categories of PAL,there are various approaches.For example,peer tutoring can be unidirectional,with one student in the dyad always taking on the role of the teacher,or it can be reciprocal,whereby the two students teach one another during the tutoring sessions.Peer tutoring can also be organized so that only some students in the classroom may be engaged in tutoring others or where all class members are organized into tutor-tutee pairs,called class-wide peer tutoring.