Asked by Lqueitah Miller on May 30, 2024
Verified
Direct effects of stress on the immune system occur through ______, and indirect effects can occur through ______.
A) the cardiovascular system . . . autonomic nervous system activation effects
B) the sympathetic nervous system . . . parasympathetic nervous system suppression
C) connections between the immune and nervous systems . . . secretion of hormones
D) the adrenal medulla . . . activation of the pituitary gland and releasing factors
Sympathetic Nervous System
Part of the autonomic nervous system that activates what is often termed the fight or flight response.
Autonomic Nervous System
A component of the nervous system that controls involuntary functions such as heart rate and digestion.
Direct Effects
Immediate outcomes or impacts of an action, intervention, or phenomenon without the mediation of other factors.
- Acquire knowledge about the straightforward and complex interactions between stress and immune function.
Verified Answer
TG
Tharshinny GandiJun 04, 2024
Final Answer :
C
Explanation :
The immune and nervous systems are interconnected and can communicate through the secretion of hormones. Stress can lead to the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system, which can result in the release of stress hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline that can affect immune function. Additionally, chronic stress can lead to behaviors such as poor sleep and diet, which can indirectly impact the immune system.
Learning Objectives
- Acquire knowledge about the straightforward and complex interactions between stress and immune function.