Define the bystander effect and provide two explanations for why it occurs.

According to the bystander effect, as the number of people who witness an emergency increases, the likelihood that any one of those people will help decreases.One reason for this phenomenon is evaluation apprehension.When in a group of other bystanders, people will worry that others will evaluate their actions aa inappropriate or wrong and therefore not help.A second reason for the bystander effect is the diffusion of responsibility.As more people witness an emergency, the sense of responsibility spreads across the individuals and each person feels less personal responsible than if they had been on the only person on the scene.