An example of a societal environmental cost is:

A) monitoring costs.
B) provisions for potential oil-spill clean up.
C) when a firm produces a product that is difficult to dispose of safely.
D) buying equipment to prevent environmental damage.

When a firm produces a product that is difficult to dispose of safely, it creates a societal environmental cost. This is because the cost of disposing of the product safely falls on society as a whole, rather than just the firm. This can include the cost of managing waste disposal facilities or cleaning up pollution caused by the product. Monitoring costs, provisions for potential oil-spill clean up, and buying equipment to prevent environmental damage are all costs that the firm itself would incur, rather than creating a societal cost.