According to Kotter's top-down approach, efforts at transformational change often fail because leaders allow too much ______.

A) flexibility
B) complacency
C) communication
D) empowerment

Transformational Change

A profound or radical change that fundamentally alters the culture, values, and operations of an organization.

Top-Down Approach

A management style or approach where decision-making and direction come from the top levels of leadership and flow downward through an organization.

Complacency

A state of self-satisfaction, often accompanied by unawareness of actual dangers or deficiencies, leading to a lack of motivation to improve.