Which statement about heuristics is correct?

A) The availability heuristic occurs when people use information from memory as a basis for assessing a current situation or event.
B) The representativeness heuristic occurs when people assess the likelihood of something occurring based on its similarity to a stereotyped set of occurrences.
C) The anchoring and adjustment heuristic involves making decisions based on alterations to a previously existing value or starting point.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Availability Heuristic

A mental shortcut that relies on immediate examples that come to mind when evaluating a specific topic, concept, method, or decision.

Representativeness Heuristic

A cognitive shortcut in which one makes judgments about the probability of an event based on how closely it matches one's stereotypes or expectations.

Anchoring and Adjustment Heuristic

A cognitive bias where individuals rely too heavily on an initial piece of information (the "anchor") when making decisions, adjusting insufficiently from this starting point.