Which of the following is the most important actor in the conduct of American foreign policy?

A) Congress
B) the president
C) the Department of State
D) the Department of Defense

The president holds the ultimate authority in the conduct of American foreign policy. As the commander-in-chief and head of the executive branch, the president has the power to negotiate and sign treaties, appoint ambassadors, and make other significant foreign policy decisions that impact the nation's interests and security. While Congress has a role in foreign policy through its power to appropriate funds, oversee the executive branch, and approve treaties, the president remains the primary actor in shaping and implementing U.S. foreign policy. The Department of State and the Department of Defense play critical supporting roles, but ultimately, their actions are guided and directed by the president's vision and goals for American foreign policy.