Which of the following is NOT a modern method for accurately measuring brain activity?

A) phrenology
B) transcranial magnetic stimulation
C) functional magnetic resonance imaging
D) an electroencephalograph

Phrenology, the practice of assessing a person's character and mental abilities by the shape of their skull, is considered a pseudoscience and is not a modern method for measuring brain activity. In contrast, transcranial magnetic stimulation, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and electroencephalography (EEG) are contemporary techniques used to study and measure brain activity.