Which of the following is a difference between ABAB designs and multiple-baseline designs?

A) ABAB designs have a maximum of two intervention phases, whereas in multiple-baseline designs, the intervention phases are applied to different dependent measures simultaneously.
B) ABAB designs identify causal relationships by withdrawing the intervention and reversing the change, whereas multiple-baseline designs determine causality by identifying changes in some but not all of the multiple dependent measures.
C) ABAB designs involve the use of multiple criterion variables, whereas multiple-baseline designs involve the use of multiple predictor variables.
D) ABAB designs are free of threats to internal validity, whereas in multiple-baseline designs, there is a possibility of threat to internal validity even if the dependent variables are mutually independent.

Question

Zybrea Knight · Accepted Answer

Final Answer : B, Explanation :  The main difference between ABAB designs and multiple-baseline designs is the way in which causality is established. In ABAB designs, the intervention is systematically introduced and withdrawn, allowing for a comparison of behavior with and without the intervention. In multiple-baseline designs, the intervention is applied to different dependent measures at different times, and the change in behavior is compared across these measures to determine if the intervention is causing the change. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it accurately describes this difference. A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the difference between the two designs.

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