When the problem objective is to compare more than two populations, the experimental design that is the counterpart of the matched pairs experiment is called the randomized block design.

Randomized Block Design

An experimental setup that groups experimental units into blocks to account for variability among them before testing different treatments.

Matched Pairs Experiment

An experimental design where pairs of subjects are matched based on certain characteristics before one member of each pair is randomly assigned to the treatment group and the other to the control.