What largely determines the level of volcanic and tectonic activity on the Galilean moons?

A) whether the crust is light- or dark-colored, which controls how much of the Sun's heat it retains
B) the composition of the crust of each moon
C) the amount of wind and water on each moon's surface
D) proximity to Jupiter and its extreme tidal forces

Volcanic Activity

The process of magma rising to the surface, leading to eruptions and the formation of volcanic landforms.

Tectonic Activity

The movement and interaction of the Earth's lithospheric plates, which can result in earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the creation of mountain ranges.

Tidal Forces

The gravitational forces exerted by celestial bodies, leading to the rise and fall of the sea levels on Earth.