What are nuclear families?

A nuclear family, also known as an elementary family or conjugal family, is a family unit consisting of two parents (a mother and a father) and their children. It is considered the smallest, most basic social unit in a society that is still self-sufficient. In this family structure, parents are responsible for the care, upbringing, and socialization of their children. The term "nuclear" is used to emphasize the core or 'nucleus' of the group, which forms a distinct household unit.

The concept of the nuclear family is often contrasted with that of the extended family, which may include grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins living in the same household or in close proximity. While the nuclear family is more prevalent in industrialized societies, where economic and social mobility require smaller and more flexible household units, extended families are more common in traditional societies where multiple generations living together can provide mutual support.

The nuclear family is often idealized as a stable and cohesive unit, providing emotional and financial support to its members. However, family dynamics and structures can vary widely, and the nuclear family is just one of many family forms that exist across different cultures and societies.