Through direct experience with animals,we come to anticipate that dogs will bark and that birds will chirp. This best illustrates

A) observational learning.
B) spontaneous recovery.
C) respondent behavior.
D) associative learning.

The concept of anticipating that dogs will bark and birds will chirp after direct experience with them suggests the process of associative learning. Associative learning is a process when an organism learns to associate one stimulus with another. In this case, we associate the sound of barking with dogs and the sound of chirping with birds.