The tendency to assume that if an item is similar to members of a particular category, it is probably a member of that category itself, is known as the

A) Stroop effect.
B) base-rate effect.
C) representativeness heuristic.
D) availability heuristic.

The given description is matching with the representativeness heuristic, which is the tendency to assume that if an item is similar to members of a particular category, it is probably a member of that category itself. Option A, B, and D are different concepts altogether. The Stroop effect is the tendency to read the name of the color but not the word itself when the color and the name of the color are different. The base-rate effect describes how we tend to ignore statistical information and focus on individual cases when making judgments. The availability heuristic is the tendency to judge the likelihood of an event by the ease with which we can call examples of it to mind.