The Supreme Court has ruled that all-male military schools supported by public funds

A) are constitutional under the War Powers Resolution of 1973.
B) are constitutional because the government has a "compelling interest" in discriminating against women in order to produce a strong military.
C) are unconstitutional because they deny "substantial equality" to women.
D) are unconstitutional because the Tenth Amendment explicitly prohibits government funding of military schools.

The Supreme Court ruled in the United States v. Virginia case in 1996 that all-male military schools supported by public funds are unconstitutional because they deny "substantial equality" to women. The Court held that the state had failed to show an "exceedingly persuasive justification" for its sex-based admissions policy, and that such policies must be subject to intermediate scrutiny, which requires an "exceedingly persuasive justification" for the gender-based classification. Thus, choice C is the correct answer.