The process of ___ utilizes mediation or arbitration, but does so only after direct attempts to negotiate agreements between the conflicting parties have failed.

A) bargaining
B) integrative negotiation
C) structural negotiation
D) collective bargaining
E) alternative dispute resolution

Alternative Dispute Resolution

A range of processes and techniques outside of the judicial system that are used to resolve conflicts or disputes between parties, including mediation and arbitration.

Mediation

A conflict resolution method involving a neutral third-party mediator who helps disputing parties reach a voluntary, mutually acceptable agreement.

Arbitration

A dispute resolution process in which a neutral third party makes a binding decision to resolve a conflict between parties.