The first step in hypothesis testing is always:

A) formulating two opposing hypotheses, called the null and alternative hypotheses
B) selecting a test statistic
C) calculating the p-value
D) determining the rejection region
E) determining the critical value

The first step in hypothesis testing is always to formulate two opposing hypotheses, called the null and alternative hypotheses. This sets the stage for the rest of the hypothesis testing process, including selecting a test statistic, determining the rejection region, calculating the p-value, and determining the critical value.