The condition that occurs when an organism has a full set of chromosomes (2n) plus an additional chromosome is known as ____.

A) monosomy
B) trisomy
C) polyploidy
D) haploidy
E) diploidy

Trisomy occurs when an organism has a full set of chromosomes (2n) plus an additional chromosome, resulting in a total of 47 chromosomes instead of the typical 46. Monosomy is when an organism is missing a chromosome, resulting in 45 chromosomes, while polyploidy is when an organism has multiple sets of chromosomes (such as 3n or 4n) and haploidy is when an organism only has one set of chromosomes (n). Diploidy is the normal condition in which an organism has two sets of chromosomes (2n).