Philippe Pinel (1745-1826) was the first to promote ________ for psychological disorders,instead of the brutal treatments used during his time.

A) moral treatment
B) a biopsychosocial approach
C) transfusions of animal blood
D) trephination

Philippe Pinel was a French physician who advocated for moral treatment of psychological disorders during the 18th century. Prior to this, those with mental illnesses were often subjected to inhumane treatments such as bleeding, restraints, and even trephination (drilling holes into the skull). Pinel believed that patients needed a humane and respectful approach, and he emphasized the importance of treating them with dignity and kindness. His work paved the way for the development of modern mental health care.