Mental models are __________ that guide perceptions and behavior.

A) stereotypes
B) forms of punishment
C) self-fulfilling prophecies
D) broad world views
E) action learning practices

Mental models are broad world views that shape how individuals perceive and interact with the world around them. They are often deeply ingrained and may not be consciously recognized, but can greatly influence decision making and behavior. Mental models are distinct from stereotypes, which are oversimplified assumptions or beliefs about a group of people, and self-fulfilling prophecies, which are predictions or expectations that are fulfilled because they have been believed or acted upon. Action learning practices and forms of punishment are also not directly related to mental models.