Marla hides Ramy's favorite toy under a blanket while Ramy watches.Ramy removes the blanket and squeals when he sees the toy.Marla again hides the toy,but this time under a different blanket.Even though Ramy saw where Marla hid his toy,he still looks under the first blanket and not the second one.Ramy has displayed:

A) lack of centration.
B) lack of object permanence.
C) habituation.
D) the A-not-B error.

Object Permanence

The understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be observed or heard, a critical concept in cognitive development of infants.

A-not-B Error

A cognitive error observed in young children, where they wrongly assume that an object at a hidden location remains there even after seeing it being moved to a new location.

Habituation

A psychological learning process wherein there is a decrease in response to a stimulus after being repeatedly exposed to it.