It has been reported that people who use marijuana are more likely than other people are to commit crimes. Why is this NOT evidence that marijuana use leads to crime?

A) It is probably a reflection of the Clever Hans effect.
B) It states a negative correlation.
C) It confuses correlation with causation.
D) The results probably depend on demand characteristics.

Clever Hans Effect

The phenomenon where a creature (notably a horse named Clever Hans) appears to be able to perform tasks requiring intelligence, but is actually responding to cues from humans.

Negative Correlation

An association between two elements in which the rise of one leads to the fall of the other.

Causation

The action of causing something, implying a relationship where one event is the result of the occurrence of another event.