Is basic research excludable? Is it rival in consumption? How do we classify basic research in terms of the four types of goods?

Basic Research

Fundamental scientific research aimed at increasing the understanding of fundamental principles, without immediate commercial objectives.

Excludable

A characteristic of a good or service whereby it is possible to prevent non-payers from consuming it.

Rival In Consumption

A characteristic of a good whereby its consumption by one individual diminishes the ability of another individual to consume it.