_____ is an action by an individual that is intended to benefit another individual or set of individuals.

A) Prosocial behavior
B) Egoism
C) Communal orientation
D) Kin selection

Prosocial behavior refers to actions that are intended to benefit others without any expectation of personal gain or benefit. It is driven by empathy, compassion, and a desire to promote the welfare of others. Thus, option A is the correct answer. Option B, egoism, refers to behavior that is motivated by self-interest and personal gain. Option C, communal orientation, refers to a cultural value that emphasizes the importance of collective goals and harmony over individual goals. Option D, kin selection, refers to the evolutionary theory that suggests that individuals are more likely to engage in prosocial behavior towards their close relatives in order to increase the chances of passing on their genes to future generations.