In general,upward social comparisons lower self-esteem and downward social comparisons increase self-esteem.

This statement is generally true. Upward social comparisons involve comparing oneself to someone who is seen as better or more successful, which can lead to feelings of inadequacy and a decrease in self-esteem. On the other hand, downward social comparisons involve comparing oneself to someone who is worse off or less successful, which can lead to a boost in self-esteem. However, it is important to note that the impact of social comparisons on self-esteem can vary based on individual factors such as personality, context, and the nature of the comparison itself.