Direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead are assigned to each manufacturing process in a process costing system.

Direct Materials

Raw materials that can be directly identified and easily traced to the manufacturing of finished goods.

Factory Overhead

Refers to all indirect costs associated with manufacturing, including but not limited to utilities, rent, and equipment maintenance, which are not directly tied to the production of specific goods.

Manufacturing Process

A series of steps involving the conversion of raw materials into finished goods, including design, fabrication, and assembly operations.